Standard CGPA Calculation Formula

The CGPA is calculated using a credit-weighted average method where each course's grade points are multiplied by its credit hours, then divided by total credit hours.

Step-by-Step CGPA Calculation

Step 1: Identify Grade Points

Convert each subject's marks or letter grade to grade points on the 10-point scale. For example: 85 marks = A+ = 9 grade points, 72 marks = A = 8 grade points.

Step 2: Multiply by Credit Hours

For each course, multiply grade points by credit hours assigned to that course. This gives you quality points: \( \text{Quality Points} = \text{Grade Points} \times \text{Credit Hours} \)

Step 3: Sum All Quality Points

Add together quality points from all courses: \( \sum_{i=1}^{n} (\text{Grade Points}_i \times \text{Credit Hours}_i) \)

Step 4: Sum All Credit Hours

Add together credit hours for all courses: \( \sum_{i=1}^{n} \text{Credit Hours}_i \)

Step 5: Calculate CGPA

Divide total quality points by total credit hours to obtain CGPA.

Example CGPA Calculation

Sample Semester Grades:

• Mathematics (4 credits): Grade A+ (9 points) → 9 × 4 = 36 quality points
• Physics (3 credits): Grade A (8 points) → 8 × 3 = 24 quality points
• Chemistry (3 credits): Grade B+ (7 points) → 7 × 3 = 21 quality points
• Programming (4 credits): Grade A+ (9 points) → 9 × 4 = 36 quality points
• English (2 credits): Grade A (8 points) → 8 × 2 = 16 quality points

Calculation:

Total Quality Points = 36 + 24 + 21 + 36 + 16 = 133

Total Credit Hours = 4 + 3 + 3 + 4 + 2 = 16

CGPA = 133 ÷ 16 = 8.31

SGPA Calculation (Semester GPA)

SGPA represents performance for a single semester and uses the same calculation method as CGPA but only for courses in that specific semester.

The key difference is that SGPA calculates only one semester's performance, while CGPA combines all semesters.

SGPA to CGPA Conversion

To calculate overall CGPA from multiple semester SGPAs, use the weighted average method based on credit hours per semester.

For Equal Credit Semesters (Simplified Method):

If all semesters have equal credits, simply average all SGPAs: \( \text{CGPA} = \frac{\text{SGPA}_1 + \text{SGPA}_2 + ... + \text{SGPA}_n}{n} \)

Example SGPA to CGPA Conversion

4-Semester Program with Variable Credits:

• Semester 1: SGPA = 8.2, Credits = 20 → 8.2 × 20 = 164 points
• Semester 2: SGPA = 8.5, Credits = 22 → 8.5 × 22 = 187 points
• Semester 3: SGPA = 7.8, Credits = 24 → 7.8 × 24 = 187.2 points
• Semester 4: SGPA = 8.4, Credits = 24 → 8.4 × 24 = 201.6 points

Calculation: (164 + 187 + 187.2 + 201.6) / (20 + 22 + 24 + 24) = 739.8 / 90 = 8.22 CGPA

CGPA to Percentage Conversion

Different Indian universities and boards use varying conversion formulas. Here are the most common methods:

University-Specific Conversion Formulas:

VTU (Visvesvaraya Technological University):

\( \text{Percentage} = (\text{CGPA} - 0.75) \times 10 \)

Example: CGPA 8.0 → (8.0 - 0.75) × 10 = 72.5%

Mumbai University:

\( \text{Percentage} = (\text{CGPA} \times 7.1) + 11 \)

Example: CGPA 8.0 → (8.0 × 7.1) + 11 = 67.8%

GTU (Gujarat Technological University):

\( \text{Percentage} = (\text{CGPA} - 0.5) \times 10 \)

Example: CGPA 8.0 → (8.0 - 0.5) × 10 = 75%

Pune University (SPPU):

\( \text{Percentage} = (\text{CGPA} - 0.75) \times 10 \)

Example: CGPA 8.0 → (8.0 - 0.75) × 10 = 72.5%

Delhi University:

\( \text{Percentage} = \text{CGPA} \times 9.5 \)

Example: CGPA 8.0 → 8.0 × 9.5 = 76%

CGPA to GPA (4.0 Scale) Conversion

For international applications, Indian students often need to convert their 10-point CGPA to the US 4.0 GPA scale.

Alternative Expression:

\( \text{GPA} = \frac{\text{CGPA} \times 4}{10} = \text{CGPA} \times 0.4 \)

Conversion Examples

Important Note: This is an approximate conversion for estimation purposes. Universities may use different conversion methods, so always verify with the specific institution's admissions office.